The prefix identifies the registrant of the identifier and the suffix is chosen by the registrant and identifies the specific object associated with that DOI. By late April 2011 more than 50 million DOI names had been assigned by some 4,000 organizations, and by April 2013 this number had grown to 85 million DOI names assigned through 9,500 organizations.Ī DOI is a type of Handle System handle, which takes the form of a character string divided into two parts, a prefix and a suffix, separated by a slash. The DOI system is implemented through a federation of registration agencies coordinated by the IDF.
Organizations that meet the contractual obligations of the DOI system and are willing to pay to become a member of the system can assign DOIs. The developer and administrator of the DOI system is the International DOI Foundation (IDF), which introduced it in 2000. If they fail to do so, the DOI resolves to a dead link, leaving the DOI useless. It is the publisher's responsibility to update the DOI database. But if its URL changes, the publisher must update the metadata for the DOI to maintain the link to the URL. Referring to an online document by its DOI should provide a more stable link than directly using its URL. The DOI for a document remains fixed over the lifetime of the document, whereas its location and other metadata may change. The DOI system uses the indecs Content Model for representing metadata. Thus, by being actionable and interoperable, a DOI differs from ISBNs or ISRCs which are identifiers only. This is achieved by binding the DOI to metadata about the object, such as a URL where the object is located.
DOIs have also been used to identify other types of information resources, such as commercial videos.Ī DOI aims to resolve to its target, the information object to which the DOI refers. They are widely used to identify academic, professional, and government information, such as journal articles, research reports, data sets, and official publications. DOIs are an implementation of the Handle System they also fit within the URI system ( Uniform Resource Identifier). For the use of digital object identifiers on Wikipedia, see Wikipedia:Digital Object Identifier.Ī digital object identifier ( DOI) is a persistent identifier or handle used to uniquely identify various objects, standardized by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
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